Wednesday, 9 December 2015

How does the opening sequence of CSI: Strip Strangler attract the interest of the audience?

The Episode, ‘Strip Strangler’, is about a murderer who breaks into a woman’s apartment, sexually assaults her, strangles her and leaves her dead. The CSI team investigate the case and try to stop the killer before he does it again.

The opening sequence begins with a high angle long shot of the city of Las Vegas during the night, which implies that anyone in the city could possibly be the next victim. The dark mise-en-scene is significant as it suggests that something bad is about to happen and engenders a sense of danger.


This is followed by a high angle crane shot of an apartment building during the night, giving the impression that someone in the building is the next victim. The shot also shows that the doors to the building are wide open which implies that the security to the building has been invaded and someone has recently entered. The diegetic sound of thunder and lightning has connotations of danger as do the shadows of the trees which surround the building, making the building look trapped.

The camera cranes down to a lower angle so that it is positioned to look up to the building, making it look threatening. If the audience look carefully, you can see someone, possibly the murderer, going up the stairs. The low camera angle suggests that the intruder is something to be afraid of. So far, the sound used in the opening sequence consists of discordant, atonal and mellow strings which indicate impending danger.
 
The next shot is inside the victim’s apartment: the camera slowly tracks down the narrow corridor as if the audience are watching it from the murderer’s point of view. The narrow corridor proposes the idea of the victim being trapped in a confined space with no escape and the darkness suggests that anyone could be hiding.

When the camera tracks into the room, the audience first see the young woman framed in between the door frame which insinuates she is in a small space and that she is trapped. When she sits up at the sound of a creaking floorboard, it seems as if she is looking at us/the murderer because the camera is still positioned to give point of view of the murderer.

When the lightning flash illuminates the room, the colour red is prevalent on the bed sheets and curtains. The colour red has connotations of death, blood, danger and violence which is significant as it links to the episode’s theme of murder.

There is a cut to a medium close up of the woman to emphasise her fear; she is represented as a stereotypical female victim: young, vulnerably dressed, good looking and wearing a limited amount of clothing. Next, the camera then cuts to the woman’s point of view, so the audience sees what she sees. From her point of view, the woman sees nothing wrong because no one is there; however the audience suspect something is hiding. They know this as the soundtrack plays, low stringed and atonal music to insinuate that something bad is about to happen.

This is followed by a cut to a medium close up of the woman on her side, which fills a majority of the frame and excludes the room. This prevents the audience from seeing what is in her surroundings and builds up suspense. She hears the sound of a creaking floorboard and there is another cut as she quickly rises up from her pillow; we see her POV again. The audience see nothing but darkness, however lightning flashes and we see the murderer’s silhouette but the audience cannot see his face – they will need to watch the rest of the episode to discover who he is so it keeps the audience in suspense.

There is a cut to a high close shot of the woman screaming in fear. The speed of the editing in this part of the sequence is quick to give a sense of urgency. The next cut then shows a medium close up of the murderer but again, not his face, and he is flexing some cable. The audience suspects that he is going to strangle her. As well as this, we see that he is wearing a black hoodie which has connotations of bad behaviour and a sinister personality.

A quick cut shows a close up of an iron being yanked vigorously which implies he is going to be extremely violent with he, followed by a cut to a high close shot of the woman as she screams while the camera

slowly tracks in. This is in the point of view of the murderer. It implies that he is slowly approaching her and shows that she is moving back and lowering herself to get away from him, emphasising her fear and to make her seem vulnerable. The non-diegetic crescendo accentuates her scream and increases tension.

As she is about to be murdered, the screen fades to black because the crime it is too gruesome to show on television and it is also used to keep suspense the suspense and to not reveal the killers identity.

Every episode of CSI sets up an enigma code at the start to build suspense for the audience – this plays with audience expectation as it can anticipate what happens in the rest of the episode. The director uses a number of techniques to attract the audience. An example of this is the dark mise-en-scene that is set up to create a sense of eeriness as well as the fact that the victim is represented as an isolated,  defenceless, helpless, attractive and vulnerable young woman, a typical convention that CSI uses in their episodes to depict the victim. In addition, the director uses a number of cinematography to build tension for the viewers: a high angle shot that looks down on the woman creates the impression that she is vulnerable and weak, making the audience feel sympathy towards her and worry about what will happen to her.

 

Friday, 16 October 2015

Sound

The opening scene of Jaws begins with a group of teenagers sitting around a campfire. For now, only diegetic sounds are heard, for example: talking, guitar playing and laughing. Two teenagers begin to isolate themselves  therefore the diegetic sounds coming from the group begin to die down and the only thing you can hear is the girl and the boy talking. The young girl then begins to go in the water. The camera is then put at an angle which imitates the shark's point of view. Low, non-diegetic string music  begins to play in a crescendo which suggests something is about to happen. The shark then manages to attack the girl and high pitched strings are playing in a sforzando way which symbolises her fear and the sound of the water splashing. The diegetic sounds are her screams and the water. When she dies and her head goes underwater, the music comes to an abrupt stop which represents the end of her life.
 

In the Godfather, a majority of the sound is diegetic. A diegetic crescendo sound of a train plays which builds up and gets louder. The train abruptly stops as soon as he shoots the other man.


Diegetic: sounds that are within the scene. (e.g. talking)
Non-diegetic: music that is added afterwards in post production.
Crescendo: the build up of sound and music.
Diminuendo: gradual ''die away'' of music.
Sforzando: sudden sharp sound.
Diegisis: the context it is in.

Thursday, 8 October 2015

Main edits

The most popular types of edits are:
- Cut
- Dissolve. This symbolises time passing.
- Fades to black or white.
- Jump cut. This edit jumps to a closer shot of an object or person.
- Graphic match - the image of one object that fades or dissolves into another cut that is similar to it.

The shower scene in Psycho (directed by Alfred Hitchcock) uses many edits. For example:

During the murder, the edits are frequent and cut between the murderer and the victim. This builds up the tension. As well as this, the directors were not allowed to show any nudity and they were not allowed to show the knife stabbing her as it was not real.

After the murder, the camera slowly pans from her body to the shower drain. The slowness of the panning symbolises how her life is slowly coming to an end. The scene then cuts to Marion Crane's eye using a graphic match.

Then the camera pans from her eye to the packet of money she stole on her bedside table which implies that although she contemplated to return it, it was too late as she was already dead.



Wednesday, 7 October 2015

Basic Camera Shots

Extreme close-up
 
Close up
 
Medium close-up
 
Mid-shot

Mid-long shot

 
Long shot
 
 
Extreme long shot
Over-the-shoulder shot

 

Friday, 2 October 2015

Mise-en-scene: Opening scene of Jaws

1. It begins with the sharks p.o.v as it swims.
2. We hear non-diegetic, low stringed music - associated with the shark.
3. Camera tracks past kids around campfire.
4. Fire is a source of light.
5. Girl and boy on the edge of the group - they are outsiders.
6. The medium close up of the girl shows the wooden fences behind her. This is significant because the fences are like bars, which symbolises that she is trapped.
7. High angled shot of the beach implies that the people below are vulnerable and weak.
8. The girl and boy run far from the fire, people and noise and into the darkness.
9. When they run, there are more bar like fences, which symbolises that they are both trapped.
10. Music begins to fade away and you can only hear their voices, as well as the sea. They are putting themselves in isolation.
11. For now, the tone of the scene is calm: moonlight is reflecting on the sea.
12. Sunset symbolises that the day is ending and so is her life.
13. Cut from a long shot to a short shot of the girl, which brings the audience closer to her perspective.
14. Long shot of the girl swimming under the water, which puts the audience in the shark's point of view.
15. Music begins to play which suggests that something is about to happen.
16. The music is non-diegetic yet her screaming and the sea is.
17. Music abruptly stops when she dies.

Thursday, 24 September 2015

Mise-en-scene: The Woman in Black

What is Mise-en-scene?
Everything within the frame - setting, lighting, costume, framing and composition, colours, expressions and makeup.

Creation of the mise-en-scene can influence the way the reads the scene/its interpretation of character situation

Semiology - the study of signs/symbols - helps create death to the scene

- It has a limited colour palette (largely greys) because it is a sad film

- They are travelling to an isolated area

 
- They pass a grave maker, which later in the film we find out is the young boy who died in the house's gravestone. This is dramatic irony - once the plot is revealed, it will be more relevant

- More gravestones which has connotations of death


- It is unkempt and messy which implies that no one has been around to take care of it

- Low camera angle to make the house appear more threatening and big

 
- The camera is placed in the window above to make it seem as he was being watched from above      
    
 
- Camera angle is high to make Kipps look vulnerable and small

- He is framed in a shot that is within a doorway and you can see the Woman in Black very subtly





Wednesday, 23 September 2015

Generic Elements: The Exorcist

How do generic elements encourage the audience to anticipate events in the attic scene of the exorcist?

- It is set at night therefore it is dark.
- The victim is isolated.
- The victim is a young female who is vulnerably dressed.
- It is silent, except from the unidentified noise.
- The victim attempts to turn on the lights but they don't work, so she uses a candle instead which throw shadows.
- As she was walking down the corridor, bar shadows are projected on her suggesting that she is trapped.
- The camera is shown at a low angle at this point to make her seem brave and bigger.
- The camera angle switches between her point of view as well which is significant as it puts the audience in her point of view.
- The attic is big however it is cluttered making it a confined space - it is harder to move around in.
- The handy man finally appears. He brings light, sound and companionship to the scene which drops the tension.